Perimenopause, Joint Pain & Autoimmunity: What Every Woman Should Know

If you're a woman in your 40s or early 50s and you’ve noticed more joint stiffness, unusual fatigue, or flare-ups of old injuries, you’re not imagining it. The perimenopausal years bring hormonal shifts that can increase inflammation, impact joint health, and even unmask or worsen autoimmune conditions.

As a consultant rheumatologist and functional medicine doctor based in Belfast, I see many women at this stage of life who feel dismissed or confused about what’s going on in their bodies. Let’s unpack what’s really happening—and what you can do about it.

The Hormone–Inflammation Connection

Oestrogen plays a protective role in reducing inflammation. As levels fluctuate during perimenopause, many women experience:

  • Joint pain, especially in the hands, hips, or knees

  • Morning stiffness or swelling

  • Increased sensitivity to injury

  • Fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest

In some, these symptoms overlap with autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis—which are all more common in women and often triggered during hormonal transitions.

Autoimmunity & Perimenopause

Autoimmune diseases disproportionately affect women, and perimenopause is a known trigger window. Why? Because the immune system and hormone systems are deeply interconnected. As oestrogen drops, immune regulation weakens, allowing dormant or subclinical autoimmune tendencies to surface.

You might experience:

  • New symptoms like dry eyes, joint pain, or brain fog

  • Worsening of a diagnosed autoimmune condition

  • A lack of answers from standard tests despite feeling unwell

Functional Medicine’s Root-Cause Approach

In my Belfast clinic, I combine conventional rheumatology with a functional medicine lens to explore:

  • Hormone testing (e.g. DUTCH test)

  • Nutrient deficiencies (vitamin D, magnesium, omega-3s)

  • Gut health and microbiome balance (a key factor in immune regulation)

  • Personal triggers like stress, poor sleep, or food sensitivities

This personalised approach often brings clarity—and relief—where generic treatments fall short.

What You Can Do Today

If this resonates with you, you’re not alone—and it’s not “just your age.” Try:

  • Anti-inflammatory nutrition (more omega-3s, fewer refined carbs)

  • Prioritising strength training for joint support

  • Exploring tailored supplements like magnesium, curcumin, or adaptogens

  • Booking a deeper assessment if symptoms persist

Looking for Autoimmune or Rheumatology Support in Belfast?

Whether you’re navigating perimenopause, autoimmune symptoms, or both, I offer expert support rooted in both conventional rheumatology and functional medicine.


Based in Belfast | Specialising in women’s health, autoimmunity, and joint pain.

👉 Get in touch – simply fill out the form below or download our free resource on the root causes of autoimmune disease today to start your journey back to feeling like yourself.

Next
Next

Hormones Out of Balance? Why Perimenopause Is the Ultimate Stress Test for Women